January 13, 2021 Issue, Page 4 of 10

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January 13, 2021 Agriculture Tractor accidents, grain es, and while carelessness can system, or PTO, which is a pesticides. entrapment and injuries from and does contribute to many common component of large - Wear protective gear. ornery livestock are just some incidents, accidents also take rotary mowers, tractors and Wear appropriate gear and of the dangers agricultural place during routine, seeming- forage choppers. Clothing equipment as outlined by workers face every day. In ly safe activities. These farm can easily get caught in an NIOSH or the Mine Safety fact, the National Institute safety guidelines can help engaged but unguarded PTO and Health Administration. for Occupational Safety and lower the risk of injuries. stub. It's easy for laces or Make sure the skin, feet, ears, Health says agriculture is one - Know farm equipment. coveralls to become wrapped eyes, and hands are protected of the most hazardous indus- Read and follow all instruc- around a spinning stub shaft. tries in the United States. tions in the equipment ‘The PTO driveline and other at all times. In 2016, the agricultural operation manuals. In addi- protrusion points also can be - Employ lock out/tag industry had a rate of 21.4 tion, attend local farm safety dangerous if people do not out control. This is a process deaths per 100,000 work- workshops to learn more pay attention. where one can work on equip- ers, and each day agricultural about specific equipment and - Use rollover protection ment only after every energy workers experienced 100 non- products. structures. ROPS can be used source has been controlled, fatal, lost-work-time injuries. - Conduct routine safety on tractors and other equip- such as hydraulic, pneumatic, Agricultural dangers are checks. Look around build- ment to prevent injuries. In mechanical, and electrical, not limited to North America. ings and grounds for obvious addition, wear seat belts and according to Rural Mutual In- In Ireland, farm accidents hazards, such as fire hazards employ other safety equip- surance Company. Turning off have increased by 13 percent and hazardous materials, ment as advised. equipment and using certain in the last five years and by including farm chemicals that - Avoid extra passengers. controls or locks on devices 31 percent in the last decade, are not stored correctly. It can be tempting to take can prevent equipment from according to a national survey + Practice cleanliness. the kids fora spin, but do not restarting before it is safe to of farm accidents conducted Maintain clean and neat allow additional passengers to by the Teagasc National Farm work areas with tools stored ride on agricultural equip- do so. Survey. Furthermore, 97 properly and out of the way ment. Farm safety should be percent of all farm accident after use. Exercise caution when a priority for owners, their victims required medical - Be mindful of your cloth- handling chemicals. Take families and employees so treatment. ing and hair. Many accidents extra precautions when han- that agricultural injuries can Farms are dangerous plac- involve a power take-off dling any chemicals, including be reduced. The 2021 cattle market beginning slate Derrell S. Peel, Oklahoma year earlier but that obscures in December 2020 were about percent of the U.S. was experi- lower in 2021. In part, the percent from fall 2020 lows. State University Extension Live- the continuing variation in 22 percent higher than one encing some degree of drought lower price projections reflect Fed cattle prices finished the stock Marketing Specialist food service and retail grocery year earlier, with sorghum (Drought Monitor D1-D4), expectations of less total hay year with strength that repre- ‘The cattle industry, like product demands. Primal prices up over 50 percent; mostly in the western half of demand as cattle numbers sented a roughly 18 percent everyone else, is more than chuck and round prices were wheat prices up about 30 the country. One year ago, the decline in 2021. Regional increase from summer lows ready to move past 2020 and higher year over year along percent; and soybean prices D1-D4 level in the country hay market conditions vary but were more than 8 percent into a new year. While the in- with ribs, while loins were up 35 percent year over year. was less than 10 percent. considerably and are be higher lower year over year. dustry will start the year with down. Food service depen- Dried distillers grains (DDGs) ‘The current level of drought than the national average pric- Strong beef demand and anew slate, there are numer- dent products continue to be prices at the end of 2020 were is concerning and, should it es in regions where drought tightening cattle supplies ous factors in place that will noticeably affected by limited roughly 39 percent higher persist into the coming grow- is more severe. Persistent provide cautious optimism shape markets for, at least, demand with, for example, than the end of 2019. Higher ing season, may have signifi- drought conditions may influ- for cattle markets in 2021. the first few months of 2021. prices for tenderloin down 14 feed prices mean higher cant impacts rather quickly ence both hay demand and Higher feed prices and con- Cattle markets face a mix of percent; Petite tender prices feedlot ration costs and higher in 2021. Drought generally supply in 2021. tinuing drought conditions are opportunities and challenges down 25 percent and brisket supplemental feed costs for expanded through 2020 to Cattle prices struggled threats to individual producers as the New Year begins. prices down four percent, stocker and cow-calf produc- encompass most of the Rocky through much of 2020 but and perhaps to overall market ‘The pandemic continues while strip loin steaks (popu- tion. Cattle production will be Mountain and western Plains ended the year with some conditions in the coming year. and seems likely to face the lar in retail grocery) are up affected by higher feed prices, regions. momentum. Calf prices in Consumer demand will be sup- worst conditions to date in 12 percent year over year. not so much in terms of how Hay supplies going into Oklahoma were close to year ported by additional federal the next few months. For Overall beef demand has been, much production will occur, 2021 appear to be adequate earlier levels at the end of De- stimulus for a time but con- cattle markets, this means and continues, strong but but more in terms of how with a slight reduction in cember and increased nearly tinuing macroeconomic chal- a continuation of a limited the challenges to food supply production will change. For 2020 hay production offset by 20 percent from lows earlier lenges will persist through the food service sector and more chains will continue. example, higher ration costs larger May 1 beginning stocks. in the fall. Prices for heavier year. The continuing pandemic challenges in food product Grain and oilseed prices will change feedlot demand Hay prices in late 2020 were feeder cattle remained about 7 and the time needed for vac- markets. Boxed beef prices are significantly higher than for the type and size of feeder slightly lower year over year percent below year earlier lev- cine implementation suggest at the end of 2020 were just one year ago as 2021 begins. cattle preferred in feedlots. for both alfalfa and other hay els at the end of the year but that much of the promise of about exactly equal to one On average, cash corn prices At the end of 2020, 41 and are projected to average similarly increased roughly 13, 2021 may be pushed into the second half of the year. In the meantime, uncertainty and Passive immunity status and long-term volatility are likely to remain elevated and risk management continues to be a key manage- ment and marketing consid- health and performance of calves eration. CONTACT: Greg Hartman | Beckham County OSU Extension Glenn Selk, Oklahoma State calves were classified with “In- ness during the first 28 days percentage of difficult deliver- VII ofthe Civil Rights Act of Center | University Emeritus Extension adequate” or “Adequate” Pas- of life was associated with ies and sluggish baby calves 1964, Executive Order 11246 (580) 928-2139 | greg.hart- Animal Scientist sive Immune status based on a 35-pound lower expected when born. Also, cow calf as amended, Title IX of the [email protected] You have heard the warn- that blood sample at 24 hours weaning weight. producers can help themselves Oklahoma State University, ing: “What happens in Las. of age. Growth performance Based on 24-hour proteins and the future owners of their Education Amendments of 1972, in compliance with Title VI and Vegas, stays in Las Vegas!!!” and health events in the study (most of which are antibodies calves, by properly growing re- Americans with Disabilities Act of VII ofthe Civil Rights Act of Perhaps you have not heard: population were monitored or immunoglobulins) in the placement heifers, providing a 1990, and other federal laws and 1964, Executive Order 11246 “What happens in the first from birth to weaning, and blood, the risk of being sick good health program for cows regulations, does not discrimi- as amended, Title IX of the 24 hours, impacts the rest of after weaning throughout the in the feedlot was also three and heifers, and providing nat- nate on the basis ofrace, color, Education Amendments of 1972, acalf’s life”! Veterinary sci- feedlot phase. times greater for “Inadequate” ural or commercial colostrum Americans with Disabilities Act of entists, while with the USDA “The lowest levels of pas- compared to “Adequate” replacers to calves that do not national origin, sex, age, religion, 1990, and other federal laws and experiment station at Clay sive immunity were observed calves. Respiratory disease in receive it in adequate quanti- disability, or status as a veteran regulations, does not discrimi- Center, Nebraska monitored among calves that were sick or the feedlot resulted in a .09 Ib ties on their own, Remember in any of its policies, practices or nate on the basis of race, color, health events and growth died prior to weaning. Calves lower expected average daily that most of the transfer of procedures. This includes but is national origin, sex, age, religion, performance in a population with “inadequate” passive gain. antibodies from colostrum to disability, or status as a veteran of range beef calves in order immunity had a 6.4 times ‘Thus, passive immunity the calf happens in the first 6 not limited to admissions, employ- in any of its policies, practices or to identify associations of pro- greater risk of being sick dur- obtained from colostrum was hours. The first day sets the ‘ment, financial aid, and educa- procedures. This includes but is duction factors with baby calf ing the first 28 days of life, a an important factor determin- stage for the rest of his life. tional services. References within not limited to admissions, employ- passive immune status. 3.2 times greater risk of being ing the health of calves both (Source: Wittum and Perino. this publication to any specific ment, financial aid, and educa- Blood samples were col- sick any time prior to wean- pre- and post-weaning, and in- 1995. Amer. Jour. Of Vet. tional services. References within lected at 24 hours after calving ing and a 5.4 times greater directly influenced calf growth Research, 56:1149.) commercial product, process, or this publication to any specific from 263 crossbred calves risk of death prior to weaning, rate during the same peri- CONTACT: Greg Hartman | service by trade name, trademark, commercial product, process, or to determine the amount of when compared to calves with ods. The most likely candi- Beckham County OSU Extension service mark, manufacturer, or service by trade name, trademark, passive maternal immunity “adequate” passive transfer. dates for “inadequate” passive Center | otherwise does not constitute or service mark, manufacturer, or that had been obtained from Passive immune status was immunity are calves born to (580) 928-2139 | greghart- imply endorsement by Oklahoma otherwise does not constitute or colostrum, Colostrum is the also indirectly associated first calf two-year-old heifers. maneokstate.edu imply endorsement by Oklahoma first milk produced by a cow with growth rates through its Breeding heifers to “calving ‘Oklahoma State University, Cooperative Ext Cooperative Ext upon giving birth. The baby effects on calf health. Sick- ease” bulls should reduce the in compliance with Title VI and Extension Service. Extension Service.